people’s laughters and birds chirping, but barking dogs, children crying or screaming, neighbours arguing, or even domestic violence may result in an adverse reaction. Noise from neighbours could be enjoyed and appreciated by some individuals like e.g. Traffic noise is a physically measurable stimulus, but also an individually experienced phenomenon, which is reflected in the degree of neighbour noise annoyance. On a population basis, the most prevalent and immediate response to environmental noise is annoyance. Not even in the review papers prepared as basis for the guidelines. However, neighbour noise is not dealt with in the guidelines. The WHO Noise Guidelines from 2018 includes revised recommendations for noise limits for road traffic, railways and air traffic, but – in addition to transportation noise as before – it includes also recommendations for wind turbine noise and leisure noise. Annoyance from both traffic noise and neighbour noises are dealt with in detail in, but the methodology is quite different from, and health implications are not counted. Corresponding DALYs lost due to neighbour noise are, unfortunately, not available. The estimated number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost because of environmental traffic noise is 45,000 years for cognitive impairment in children, 61,000 years for ischemic heart disease, 654,000 years for annoyance and 903,000 years for sleep disturbances in Western European countries. The negative impact of environmental noise on health is increasingly being recognised worldwide. Noise exposure is considered a stressor that may potentially exert negative health effects among the exposed individuals. Future studies are encouraged to 1) determine the direction of causality using a longitudinal design, 2) explore the biological mechanisms explaining the sex-specific impact of neighbour noise annoyance on symptoms of musculoskeletal pain or discomfort and the other outcomes as well. Conclusionsīased on the findings from this study, neighbour noise annoyance is strongly associated with eight different physical and mental health symptoms. Among men, no associations were observed. Among women, a strong association was observed between neighbour noise annoyance and being very bothered by pain or discomfort in the shoulder or neck, and in the arms, hands, legs, knees, hips or joints. Statistically significant interactions were observed between sex and two of the eight health symptoms. Resultsīeing very annoyed by neighbour noise was significantly associated with higher odds of being very bothered by all eight health symptoms (adjusted OR = 1.73–3.32, all p-values < 0.05) compared to individuals not annoyed by noise from neighbours. The associations between neighbour noise annoyance and very bothering physical and mental health symptoms were investigated using multiple logistic regression models. The question on neighbour noise annoyance and health symptoms, respectively, had three possible response options: ‘Yes, very annoyed/bothered’, ‘Yes, slightly annoyed/bothered’, ‘No’. pain in various body parts, headache, sleeping problems, depression, and anxiety) during the past two weeks was obtained by self-administered questionnaires. Information on neighbour noise annoyance and various health symptoms (e.g. The present study included a random sample of 3893 adults living in multi-storey housing. MethodsĬross-sectional data from the Danish Health and Morbidity Survey 2017 were used. The aim of the present study was to examine the associations between neighbour noise annoyance and eight different physical and mental health symptoms. Health implications of traffic noise have been investigated thoroughly, but not of neighbour noise. On a population basis, the most prevalent and immediate response to noise is annoyance, which is an individually experienced phenomenon that may activate physiological stress-responses and result in both physical and mental symptoms.
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